16 Jul 2024

OUTER SPACE STUDIES


* Number of superclusters in the visible universe = 10 million
* Number of galaxy groups in the visible universe = 25 billion
* Number of large galaxies in the visible universe = 350 billion
* Number of dwarf galaxies in the visible universe = 7 trillion
* Number of stars in the visible universe = 30 billion trillion  (3x10²²)


https://academickids.com/encyclopedia/index.php/Timelines







Astronomy is the scientific study of celestial objects.
Main article: Theoretical astronomy






Astronomy applies the concepts from physics, biology, and geology to explain their origin and evolution. We can divide astronomy into 4 sub-fields:

  • ASTROPHYSICS: Applying the laws of physics in space
  • ASTROMETRY: Mapping celestial bodies
  • ASTROGEOLOGY: Examining rocks, terrain, and material in space
  • ASTROBIOLOGY: Searching for life outside Earth
And we can categorize it into 17 branches of astronomy.

Astrophysics applies the principles of physics to astronomy.
  • 1)ASTROPHYSICS – How the laws of physics apply to stars and celestial bodies.
  • 2)COSMOLOGY – How the universe was created, evolved, and its ultimate fate.
  • 3)SPECTROSCOPY – How light reflects, absorbs, and transfers between matter.
  • 4)PHOTOMETRY – How luminous astronomical objects are in space based on electromagnetic radiation.
  • 5)HELIOPHYSICS – How the sun’s constant and dynamic radiation affects its surroundings in space.
  • 6)HELIOSEISMOLOGY – How the interior structure and dynamics of stars are composed by observing waves from their surface.
  • 7)ASTEROSEISMOLOGY – How to study the internal structure of stars by observing their oscillations.

ASTROMETRY
  • 8)ASTROMETRY – How celestial bodies are positioned and move in space.
  • 9)PLANETOLOGY – How planets form in the solar systems including their composition and dynamics in history.
  • 10)EXOPLANETOLOGY – How many and where planets exist outside our solar system.

ASTROGEOLOGY
  • 12)AREOLOGY – How geology is composed on Mars.
  • 13)SELENOGRAPHY – How physical features on the moon formed such as lunar maria, craters, and mountain ranges.
  • 14)EXOGEOLOGY – How geology relates to celestial bodies like moons, asteroids, meteorites, and comets.
ASTROBIOLOGY
  • 15)ASTROBIOLOGY -How life (including extraterrestrials) in the universe evolved, originated, and what will be its fate.
  • 16)EXOBIOLOGY – How likely and where is life in space.
  • 17) ASTROCHEMISTRY – How to study substances in celestial bodies, stars, and interstellar space.



Physical geography ( Sub fields )
















https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Celestial_navigation&diffonly=true




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